Decongestant

Quick Facts

Description: Decongestants are substances that relieve nasal congestion (a stuffy nose). They help to shrink swollen blood vessels in the nasal passages, making it easier to breathe.

Mechanism of Action: Decongestants primarily work by constricting blood vessels (vasoconstriction) in the nasal passages. This reduces swelling in the nasal tissues, which opens up the airways and improves airflow. Many decongestants stimulate alpha-adrenergic receptors, which are found on blood vessels. This stimulation causes the vessels to narrow. Some decongestants may also have mild anti-inflammatory effects.

Common Uses: Decongestants are commonly used to relieve nasal congestion caused by colds, allergies, sinusitis, and hay fever. They can be found in nasal sprays, oral medications, and some herbal remedies. Examples of herbs with decongestant properties include Eucalyptus, Peppermint, and Thyme. *Overuse of decongestant nasal sprays can lead to rebound congestion (worsening congestion when the medication wears off). Consult a healthcare professional for persistent congestion.*